The Sheer Brilliance of the Ancient Kingdom of Polonnaruwa

Stepping into the ancient kingdom of Polonnaruwa is like embarking on a journey through time. This UNESCO World Heritage Site in Sri Lanka is a testament to the island’s rich history and the ingenuity of its past civilisations. Let’s explore the sheer brilliance of Polonnaruwa, a city that once stood as a beacon of culture, architecture, and innovation.

The Golden Age of Polonnaruwa

Polonnaruwa became the capital of Sri Lanka after the fall of Anuradhapura in the 10th century. The city flourished under the reign of King Parakramabahu I in the 12th century, marking its golden age. His reign is often considered the zenith of Sri Lankan civilisation, characterised by grand constructions, sophisticated irrigation systems, and a thriving cultural scene.

Architectural Marvels

Polonnaruwa is renowned for its well-preserved ruins that reflect the architectural prowess of its builders. The Royal Palace complex, once a magnificent seven-story edifice, still evokes awe with its massive stone walls and intricate carvings. The Quadrangle, a compact group of stunning monuments, showcases some of the finest examples of Sri Lankan architecture. Notable among them is the Vatadage, a circular relic house adorned with exquisite stone carvings, and the Thuparama, an image house that houses an impressive, seated Buddha statue.

The Sacred Gal Vihara

One of the most iconic places to visit in Polonnaruwa is the Gal Vihara, a rock temple featuring four Buddha statues carved into a single granite rock face – located just a 10-minute drive from Hotel Sudu Araliya. These statues, which include a colossal 46-foot reclining Buddha, a standing figure, and two seated figures, are considered masterpieces of Sinhalese rock carving. The serene expressions and meticulous detail capture the spiritual essence and artistic brilliance of the ancient craftsmen.

Advanced Irrigation Systems

King Parakramabahu I’s reign is also celebrated for its advanced irrigation systems, which were vital for agriculture in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. The Parakrama Samudra, a vast artificial lake, is a marvel of engineering that still functions today. This reservoir, along with an extensive network of canals and smaller tanks, ensured a reliable water supply for farming, demonstrating the kingdom’s innovative approach to resource management.

The Lively Culture and Arts

Polonnaruwa was not only a center of political power but also a hub of cultural and artistic activity. The city’s vibrant culture is evident in its numerous temples, monasteries, and sculptures that depict the artistic achievements of the era. The Shiva Devale, dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva, and the Lankatilaka, a majestic image house, highlight the religious and cultural diversity that thrived in Polonnaruwa.

Visiting Polonnaruwa

A visit to Polonnaruwa offers a unique opportunity to walk through history. The ancient city, with its expansive ruins and lush surroundings, provides a serene and contemplative atmosphere. Exploring the site by bicycle is a popular and eco-friendly way to cover its vast area, allowing visitors to fully appreciate the grandeur and detail of its monuments. Consider staying at an establishment like Hotel Sudu Araliya, which offers comfort and convenience to its guests.